{"id":2425,"date":"2026-09-19T14:08:52","date_gmt":"2026-09-19T14:08:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=2425"},"modified":"2026-09-19T14:08:53","modified_gmt":"2026-09-19T14:08:53","slug":"los-companeros","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=2425","title":{"rendered":"Los compa\u00f1eros"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alejandro Schneider, <em>Los compa\u00f1eros. Trabajadores, izquierda y peronismo, 1955-1973<\/em>, Buenos Aires: Imago Mundi, 2005, 432 s. ISBN: 950-793-045-0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Los compa\u00f1eros<\/em> Arjantin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n 1955\u20131973 aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadelelerini, \u00f6zellikle <strong>fabrikalardaki taban \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeleri ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fcretim alan\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkileri<\/strong> \u00fczerinden inceleyen kapsaml\u0131 bir tarihsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. Schneider, Per\u00f3n\u2019un 1955\u2019te devrilmesinden 1970\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki yo\u011fun i\u015f\u00e7i m\u00fccadelelerine uzanan d\u00f6nemi sendika liderliklerinin tarihiyle s\u0131n\u0131rlamadan; i\u015fyeri delegeleri, delege kurullar\u0131 (<em>cuerpos de delegados<\/em>), i\u00e7 komisyonlar (<em>comisiones internas<\/em>) ve tabandaki i\u015f\u00e7ilerin g\u00fcndelik m\u00fccadelelerini merkeze alarak ele al\u0131r. Bu perspektiften fabrika, \u00fccret ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00fcretim temposu, i\u015f disiplini ve \u00fcretimin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi \u00fczerinde emek ile sermaye aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli bir g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fccadelesinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel alanlardan biri olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kitap, 1955 sonras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin ve i\u015fverenlerin \u00fcretimi rasyonelle\u015ftirme ve emek verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rma giri\u015fimlerinin ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>fabrika i\u00e7indeki i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmay\u0131<\/strong> gerektirdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k i\u015f\u00e7iler grevlerden sabotajlara, i\u015f yava\u015flatmadan fabrika i\u015fgallerine kadar farkl\u0131 m\u00fccadele bi\u00e7imleri geli\u015ftirirken, i\u00e7 komisyonlar ve delege kurullar\u0131 i\u015fyerlerinde \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6rg\u00fctsel g\u00fc\u00e7 olmaya devam eder. Schneider a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu \u00f6rg\u00fctler yaln\u0131zca sendika y\u00f6netimleri ile i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k yapan yap\u0131lar de\u011fildir; belirli d\u00f6nemlerde patronlara, devlete ve hatta kendi sendikalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst y\u00f6netimlerine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6rece \u00f6zerk hareket edebilen taban \u00f6rg\u00fctleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i denetimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7ekici u\u011fraklar\u0131ndan biri 1964 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki kitlesel fabrika i\u015fgalleridir.<\/strong> CGT\u2019nin M\u00fccadele Plan\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda May\u0131s ve Haziran aylar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt milyon i\u015f\u00e7inin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla 11.000 i\u015fyeri i\u015fgal edilir. Schneider, bu eylemlerin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca merkezi sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye de\u011fil, \u00f6nceki m\u00fccadeleler i\u00e7erisinde olu\u015fmu\u015f i\u015fyeri delegeleri ve i\u00e7 komisyonlar\u0131n deneyimine ba\u011flar. \u0130\u015fgaller fabrikalardaki ola\u011fan disiplin ili\u015fkisini kesintiye u\u011frat\u0131rken, s\u00fcrekli toplant\u0131lar ve kolektif g\u00f6rev payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinden bir \u201cmeclis hali\u201d yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Baz\u0131 i\u015fgallerde <strong>i\u015f\u00e7ilerin makineleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00fcretimi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye giri\u015fmeleri<\/strong>, bu deneyimleri i\u015f\u00e7i denetimi tarihi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemli k\u0131lar. Schneider\u2019e g\u00f6re bu pratik, patron ile i\u015f\u00e7i aras\u0131ndaki al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f otorite ili\u015fkisini tersine \u00e7evirmekle kalmaz; \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet ve i\u015fletmelerin \u00fcretime kimin taraf\u0131ndan sokulaca\u011f\u0131 meselesini de g\u00fcndeme getirir. \u0130\u015fgal edilen fabrikalarda n\u00f6bet, \u00f6zsavunma, yiyecek temini ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve kararlar\u0131n s\u00fcrekli toplant\u0131lar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla al\u0131nmas\u0131 ise ge\u00e7ici de olsa do\u011frudan i\u015f\u00e7i demokrasisine dayanan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Schneider bu birikimi 1969\u2019daki Cordobazo ve ard\u0131ndan y\u00fckselen <strong>clasismo<\/strong> ile de ili\u015fkilendirir. \u00d6zellikle SITRAC-SITRAM gibi deneyimlerde tabandaki i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi, \u00fccret ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin taleplerin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7erek \u00fcretimin teknik \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini ve i\u015fletme y\u00f6netiminin \u00fcretim \u00fczerindeki otoritesini tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7ar. B\u00f6ylece i\u015f\u00e7i meclisleri, i\u00e7 komisyonlar ve delege kurullar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca savunmac\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler olmaktan \u00e7\u0131karak daha radikal ve alternatif i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerinin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 haline gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Los compa\u00f1eros<\/em>, bu nedenle do\u011frudan i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netimini konu alan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olmamakla birlikte, <strong>Arjantin\u2019de i\u015f\u00e7i denetiminin ve fabrika temelli i\u015f\u00e7i iktidar\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel k\u00f6klerini anlamak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir kaynakt\u0131r<\/strong>. Schneider\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, 2001 sonras\u0131nda yayg\u0131nla\u015fan <em>empresas recuperadas<\/em> deneyimlerinden \u00e7ok \u00f6nce Arjantin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n fabrika i\u015fgali, taban demokrasisi, patron otoritesinin sorgulanmas\u0131 ve kimi durumlarda \u00fcretimin i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gibi pratiklerden olu\u015fan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir m\u00fccadele birikimine sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Bu tarihsel perspektif, daha sonraki fabrika i\u015fgalleri ve i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netimi deneyimlerini daha uzun bir i\u015f\u00e7i m\u00fccadelesi tarihi i\u00e7erisinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye olanak sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alejandro Schneider, Los compa\u00f1eros. Trabajadores, izquierda y peronismo, 1955-1973, Buenos Aires: Imago Mundi, 2005, 432 s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,68,80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-empresas-recuperadas","category-isci-denetimi","category-kaynaklar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2425","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2425"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2425\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2427,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2425\/revisions\/2427"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}