{"id":2330,"date":"2026-09-17T22:20:32","date_gmt":"2026-09-17T22:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=2330"},"modified":"2026-09-17T22:20:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T22:20:33","slug":"ours-to-hack-and-to-own-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=2330&lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"Ours to Hack and to Own"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trebor Scholz et Nathan Schneider (dir.), <em>Ours to Hack and to Own: The Rise of Platform Cooperativism, A New Vision for the Future of Work and a Fairer Internet<\/em>, New York\/Londres : OR Books, 2016, 252 p. ISBN : 978-1-68219-062-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dirig\u00e9 par Trebor Scholz et Nathan Schneider, <em>Ours to Hack and to Own<\/em> est l\u2019un des ouvrages collectifs pionniers \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter <strong>le coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme comme une alternative fond\u00e9e sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 partag\u00e9e et la gouvernance d\u00e9mocratique dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie num\u00e9rique<\/strong>. Le livre examine les probl\u00e8mes associ\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie des plateformes, souvent qualifi\u00e9e d\u2019\u00ab \u00e9conomie du partage \u00bb, tels que l\u2019exploitation du travail, la surveillance et la concentration du pouvoir \u00e9conomique, en mettant en relation la longue tradition du coop\u00e9rativisme avec les possibilit\u00e9s offertes par les technologies num\u00e9riques. Son point de d\u00e9part est la question de savoir qui poss\u00e8de et qui gouverne les plateformes et les protocoles qui constituent l\u2019infrastructure fondamentale d\u2019Internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Au c\u0153ur du livre se trouvent <strong>la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 partag\u00e9e et la gouvernance d\u00e9mocratique<\/strong>. Selon Scholz et Schneider, le coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme ne suppose pas simplement que les plateformes d\u2019entreprise existantes soient g\u00e9r\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re plus \u00e9thique ou plus \u00e9quitable, mais que soient transform\u00e9es les relations de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et de prise de d\u00e9cision concernant les centres de pouvoir d\u2019Internet. Ils ne r\u00e9duisent donc pas le coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme au d\u00e9veloppement de quelques applications alternatives ; ils d\u00e9fendent au contraire la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me plus large englobant la finance, le droit, les politiques publiques et la culture, afin de permettre le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019entreprises num\u00e9riques d\u00e9mocratiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019ouvrage collectif inscrit cette discussion dans un cadre large qui va <strong>de la critique du capitalisme de plateforme vers des formes alternatives d\u2019organisation num\u00e9rique<\/strong>. Outre les relations de travail, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, la surveillance et les communs num\u00e9riques dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie des plateformes, il aborde des questions telles que la conception des plateformes coop\u00e9ratives, les syndicats, la vie priv\u00e9e, le financement, le coop\u00e9rativisme ouvert, les communs de donn\u00e9es et les politiques publiques en faveur de la souverainet\u00e9 num\u00e9rique. Le livre relie \u00e9galement la discussion th\u00e9orique \u00e0 des initiatives concr\u00e8tes en pr\u00e9sentant des exp\u00e9riences pionni\u00e8res de coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme telles que Stocksy United, Fairmondo, Coopify, FairCoop et Loconomics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La contribution de Scholz au livre d\u00e9finit le coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme comme <strong>un mod\u00e8le qui articule l\u2019exp\u00e9rience historique de l\u2019autogestion ouvri\u00e8re, le mouvement coop\u00e9ratif, la production entre pairs fond\u00e9e sur les communs et l\u2019\u00e9conomie num\u00e9rique<\/strong>. Les plateformes ne doivent pas n\u00e9cessairement appartenir \u00e0 des entreprises telles qu\u2019Uber ; elles peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9tenues et gouvern\u00e9es par des coop\u00e9ratives, des communaut\u00e9s, des villes ou des structures syndicales. Les travailleurs peuvent ainsi cesser d\u2019\u00eatre simplement des personnes travaillant par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire de plateformes pour devenir les propri\u00e9taires collectifs et les gestionnaires des infrastructures num\u00e9riques qu\u2019ils utilisent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette perspective \u00e9tend le contr\u00f4le d\u00e9mocratique \u00e0 la technologie elle-m\u00eame. Il est soutenu que les coop\u00e9ratives de plateforme devraient rendre transparents le lieu o\u00f9 sont stock\u00e9es les donn\u00e9es concernant les travailleurs et les utilisateurs ainsi que la mani\u00e8re dont elles sont utilis\u00e9es ; le travail sur la plateforme devrait \u00eatre d\u00e9termin\u00e9 collectivement, et les personnes appel\u00e9es \u00e0 utiliser la plateforme devraient <strong>participer au processus de conception de la technologie d\u00e8s le d\u00e9part<\/strong>. En ce sens, le coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme vise non seulement \u00e0 modifier la forme juridique de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019une entreprise, mais aussi \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un contr\u00f4le d\u00e9mocratique sur les donn\u00e9es, les syst\u00e8mes algorithmiques et l\u2019organisation de l\u2019environnement num\u00e9rique de travail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, <em>Ours to Hack and to Own<\/em> constitue une ressource importante qui <strong>\u00e9tend le d\u00e9bat sur le contr\u00f4le ouvrier et l\u2019autogestion aux questions de propri\u00e9t\u00e9, de technologie et de gouvernance dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie num\u00e9rique<\/strong>. Plut\u00f4t que d\u2019aborder les probl\u00e8mes engendr\u00e9s par le capitalisme de plateforme uniquement sous l\u2019angle de la r\u00e9glementation ou de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des conditions de travail, le livre pose la question de savoir qui devrait poss\u00e9der les infrastructures num\u00e9riques et qui devrait les gouverner. En concevant le coop\u00e9rativisme de plateforme comme faisant partie d\u2019un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me plus large soutenu par les syndicats, les communaut\u00e9s, les politiques publiques et les r\u00e9seaux de solidarit\u00e9, plut\u00f4t que comme un ensemble d\u2019entreprises isol\u00e9es, l\u2019ouvrage constitue une ressource essentielle pour discuter des possibilit\u00e9s de contr\u00f4le d\u00e9mocratique et d\u2019autogestion du travail num\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trebor Scholz et Nathan Schneider (dir.), Ours to Hack and to Own: The Rise of Platform Cooperativism, A New Vision for the Future of Work and a Fairer Internet, New York\/Londres : OR Books, 2016, 252 p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2320,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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