{"id":1631,"date":"2026-09-10T17:40:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T17:40:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1631"},"modified":"2026-09-10T17:40:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T17:40:22","slug":"livre-introducao-a-economia-solidaria-paul-singer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1631&lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"Livre : Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Economia Solid\u00e1ria \u2013 Paul Singer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Paul Singer, <em>Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Economia Solid\u00e1ria<\/em>, S\u00e3o Paulo : Editora Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Perseu Abramo, 2002, 128 p. ISBN : 85-86469-51-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le livre de Paul Singer, <em>Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Economia Solid\u00e1ria<\/em>, est <strong>l\u2019un des ouvrages fondamentaux qui abordent les principes de base et les origines historiques de l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire, ainsi que les formes d\u2019organisation alternatives \u00e0 l\u2019entreprise capitaliste<\/strong>. Singer oppose \u00e0 la structure concurrentielle de l\u2019\u00e9conomie capitaliste, fond\u00e9e sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9e du capital et g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice d\u2019in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, une \u00e9conomie solidaire reposant sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 collective ou partag\u00e9e des moyens de production, la coop\u00e9ration, l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 et la prise de d\u00e9cision d\u00e9mocratique. Selon lui, l\u2019une des principales formes d\u2019organisation de l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire est la coop\u00e9rative de production, dans laquelle les travailleurs sont \u00e9galement membres de l\u2019entreprise et prennent les d\u00e9cisions de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9mocratique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019une des parties les plus importantes du livre du point de vue du Contr\u00f4le Ouvrier est la <strong>distinction \u00e9tablie par Singer entre autogestion (<em>autogest\u00e3o<\/em>) et h\u00e9t\u00e9rogestion (<em>heterogest\u00e3o<\/em>)<\/strong>. Alors que, dans l\u2019entreprise capitaliste, la gestion est organis\u00e9e selon une structure hi\u00e9rarchique compos\u00e9e de diff\u00e9rents niveaux d\u2019autorit\u00e9, dans l\u2019entreprise autog\u00e9r\u00e9e, l\u2019instance supr\u00eame de d\u00e9cision est l\u2019assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des membres. Les dirigeants et les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s sont \u00e9lus par les membres et sont responsables devant eux. La d\u00e9mocratie \u00e9conomique appara\u00eet ainsi non seulement comme une question relative \u00e0 la forme de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019entreprise, mais aussi comme une question de savoir qui prend les d\u00e9cisions et comment celles-ci sont prises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Singer ne pr\u00e9sente toutefois pas l\u2019autogestion comme un mod\u00e8le fonctionnant automatiquement et sans difficult\u00e9s. L\u2019autogestion exige que les travailleurs s\u2019informent sur les probl\u00e8mes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux de l\u2019entreprise, participent aux discussions et assument la responsabilit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cisions collectives. Si les membres s\u2019\u00e9loignent des processus de prise de d\u00e9cision, l\u2019information et le pouvoir d\u00e9cisionnel effectif peuvent se concentrer entre les mains d\u2019un petit groupe de dirigeants, et la coop\u00e9rative peut progressivement se rapprocher, sans en avoir pleinement conscience, de pratiques d\u2019h\u00e9t\u00e9rogestion. Pour Singer, l\u2019un des acquis importants de l\u2019autogestion n\u2019est donc pas seulement l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique, mais <strong>le d\u00e9veloppement des capacit\u00e9s d\u00e9mocratiques et le d\u00e9veloppement humain par la participation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le livre inscrit \u00e9galement l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire dans un vaste cadre historique. Singer en fait remonter les origines \u00e0 Robert Owen et aux premiers mouvements coop\u00e9ratifs du XIXe si\u00e8cle ; il interpr\u00e8te les coop\u00e9ratives de production apparues en lien avec les luttes syndicales et les gr\u00e8ves comme <strong>des tentatives des travailleurs non seulement d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les salaires et les conditions de travail, mais d\u2019abolir la relation de travail salari\u00e9 et de la remplacer par l\u2019autogestion<\/strong>. Il examine ensuite diff\u00e9rentes formes d\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire, depuis les coop\u00e9ratives de consommation, de cr\u00e9dit, d\u2019achat et de vente jusqu\u2019aux coop\u00e9ratives de production et \u00e0 l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de Mondrag\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Singer associe la renaissance de l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire \u00e0 la fin du XXe si\u00e8cle au ch\u00f4mage, aux faillites d\u2019entreprises et \u00e0 la transformation n\u00e9olib\u00e9rale. Parmi les caract\u00e9ristiques qui distinguent ce \u00ab nouveau coop\u00e9rativisme \u00bb de certaines formes coop\u00e9ratives ant\u00e9rieures figurent <strong>l\u2019importance accord\u00e9e \u00e0 la d\u00e9mocratie et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9, l\u2019autogestion et le rejet du travail salari\u00e9<\/strong>. Au Br\u00e9sil, la transformation d\u2019entreprises en crise en coop\u00e9ratives par leurs travailleurs, les coop\u00e9ratives du MST, Catende, les incubateurs universitaires de coop\u00e9ratives et diff\u00e9rents r\u00e9seaux de soutien \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire constituent quelques exemples de cette renaissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De ce point de vue, <em>Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Economia Solid\u00e1ria<\/em> est <strong>une source importante pour penser l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire non pas simplement comme du coop\u00e9rativisme ou comme un outil de lutte contre la pauvret\u00e9, mais comme une forme d\u00e9mocratique et autog\u00e9r\u00e9e d\u2019organisation \u00e9conomique oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019organisation hi\u00e9rarchique de l\u2019entreprise capitaliste<\/strong>. Dans l\u2019approche de Singer, le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire ne d\u00e9pend pas uniquement de la r\u00e9ussite de coop\u00e9ratives individuelles, mais aussi des r\u00e9seaux qu\u2019elles construisent entre elles, des institutions de soutien, des politiques publiques et de la diffusion plus large des principes de solidarit\u00e9, d\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 et de d\u00e9mocratie dans les relations \u00e9conomiques quotidiennes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Paul Singer, Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Economia Solid\u00e1ria, S\u00e3o Paulo : Editora Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Perseu Abramo, 2002, 128 p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[196],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ressources"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1631"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1632,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1631\/revisions\/1632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}