{"id":1607,"date":"2026-09-10T16:54:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T16:54:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1607"},"modified":"2026-09-10T16:54:35","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T16:54:35","slug":"kitap-opening-the-gates-donald-reid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1607","title":{"rendered":"Kitap: Opening the Gates \u2013 Donald Reid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Donald Reid, <em>Opening the Gates: The Lip Affair, 1968\u20131981<\/em>, London: Verso, 2018, 512 s. ISBN: 978-1-78663-540-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Donald Reid\u2019in <em>Opening the Gates: The Lip Affair, 1968\u20131981<\/em> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131, <strong>Fransa\u2019da 1968 sonras\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli i\u015f\u00e7i m\u00fccadelelerinden biri olan LIP saat fabrikas\u0131 deneyiminin kapsaml\u0131 bir tarihini<\/strong> sunuyor. Besan\u00e7on\u2019daki LIP i\u015f\u00e7ileri, 1973\u2019te toplu i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma ve fabrikan\u0131n tasfiyesi tehdidine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fyerini i\u015fgal etti; \u00fcretimi yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131, saatleri satt\u0131 ve elde edilen gelirle kendi \u00fccretlerini \u00f6dedi. Reid, bu s\u00fcreci yaln\u0131zca bir grev ya da fabrika i\u015fgali olarak de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fcretim, karar alma ve i\u015fyerindeki otorite ili\u015fkileri \u00fczerinde daha fazla denetim kurduklar\u0131 geni\u015f bir toplumsal m\u00fccadele olarak ele al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kitap, LIP deneyimini 1973\u2019teki \u00fcnl\u00fc i\u015fgalle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rm\u0131yor; 1968\u2019de fabrikadaki radikalle\u015fmeden ba\u015flayarak 1973 m\u00fccadelesini, 1974\u2019te fabrikan\u0131n yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, 1976\u2019daki ikinci iflas ve i\u015fgali, 1977\u2019den itibaren \u00fcretim ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n yeniden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini ve sonunda kooperatifle\u015fmeye uzanan s\u00fcreci 1981\u2019e kadar takip ediyor. Bu nedenle LIP, Reid\u2019in anlat\u0131s\u0131nda tek bir anl\u0131k direni\u015ften ziyade <strong>i\u015f\u00e7i denetimi, i\u015fyeri demokrasisi ve \u00f6zy\u00f6netim fikrinin farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde s\u0131nand\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun soluklu bir deneyim<\/strong> olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deneyimin en dikkat \u00e7ekici y\u00f6nlerinden biri, <strong>genel meclisler, komisyonlar ve taban\u0131n do\u011frudan kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na dayanan demokratik \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imleri<\/strong>. \u00d6nemli kararlar genel meclislerde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor; i\u015f\u00e7iler \u00fcretimden sat\u0131\u015fa, g\u00fcvenlikten haberle\u015fmeye kadar bir\u00e7ok faaliyeti olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 komisyonlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyorlar. M\u00fccadele s\u0131ras\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan <em>Lip Unit\u00e9<\/em> b\u00fclteni de yaln\u0131zca d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya y\u00f6nelik bir propaganda arac\u0131 de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin genel meclis tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve komisyon faaliyetlerini payla\u015farak kolektif bilgi \u00fcretimini ve kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren bir ara\u00e7 olarak i\u015fliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reid ayr\u0131ca LIP\u2019i homojen ve sorunsuz bir i\u015f\u00e7i toplulu\u011fu olarak sunmuyor. \u00d6zellikle <strong>kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadele i\u00e7indeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne ve i\u015f\u00e7i kolektifinin kendi i\u00e7indeki toplumsal cinsiyet e\u015fitsizliklerine<\/strong> geni\u015f yer veriyor. M\u00fccadele baz\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n daha \u00f6nce yapmad\u0131klar\u0131 bi\u00e7imde genel meclislerde ve kitlesel toplant\u0131larda s\u00f6z almalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarken, erkek egemen sendikal liderlik ve konu\u015fma hakk\u0131ndaki e\u015fitsizlikler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ortadan kalkm\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece LIP deneyimi, i\u015fyeri demokrasisinin yaln\u0131zca patron\u2013i\u015f\u00e7i ili\u015fkisini de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kendi aralar\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini de sorgulayan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kitab\u0131n \u00f6nemli yanlar\u0131ndan biri de <strong>\u00f6zy\u00f6netimin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>. 1973\u2019te Charles Piaget ve di\u011fer \u00f6nde gelen i\u015f\u00e7iler, kapitalist ekonomi i\u00e7inde tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifinin ya\u015fayabilirli\u011fine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ku\u015fkuyla yakla\u015f\u0131yor; \u00fcretimin yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 o a\u015famada kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6zy\u00f6netimli i\u015fletme kurmaktan \u00e7ok m\u00fccadeleyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmenin bir arac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar. Buna ra\u011fmen 1976 sonras\u0131 geli\u015fmeler i\u015f\u00e7ileri sonunda kooperatifle\u015fmeye y\u00f6neltiyor. Reid, bu a\u015famada demokratik y\u00f6netim ile y\u00f6netici rollerinin yeniden olu\u015fmas\u0131, kolektif sorumluluk ile \u00f6z-s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc, piyasa zorunluluklar\u0131 ile \u00f6zy\u00f6netim hedefleri aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkileri de tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan <em>Opening the Gates<\/em>, <strong>i\u015f\u00e7i denetimi ve \u00f6zy\u00f6netimin hem d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc potansiyelini hem de kapitalist piyasa ve devlet yap\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 tarihsel bir vaka \u00fczerinden inceleyen \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma<\/strong>. LIP deneyimi, i\u015fgalin \u00fcretimin i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine, demokratik karar alma mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesine ve daha sonra kooperatifle\u015fmeye nas\u0131l evrilebildi\u011fini g\u00f6sterirken, ayn\u0131 zamanda tek bir i\u015fletme d\u00fczeyindeki \u00f6zy\u00f6netimin neden kal\u0131c\u0131 ve \u00e7eli\u015fkisiz bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koyuyor. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kitap, Avrupa\u2019daki i\u015f\u00e7i denetimi ve i\u015fyeri demokrasisi tarihinin temel kaynaklar\u0131ndan biri niteli\u011finde.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Donald Reid, Opening the Gates: The Lip Affair, 1968\u20131981, London: Verso, 2018, 512 s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kaynaklar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1607"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1608,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1607\/revisions\/1608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}