{"id":1592,"date":"2026-09-10T11:30:46","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:30:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1592"},"modified":"2026-09-10T11:30:47","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:30:47","slug":"livre-patronsuzlar-metin-yegin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1592&lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"Livre : Patronsuzlar \u2013 Metin Ye\u011fin"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Metin Ye\u011fin, <em>Patronsuzlar<\/em>, Istanbul : Versus Kitap, 2006, 220 p. ISBN : 9944-989-10-X.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le livre de Metin Ye\u011fin, <em>Patronsuzlar<\/em>, est un ouvrage qui rend compte, \u00e0 partir d\u2019une enqu\u00eate de terrain, <strong>des exp\u00e9riences d\u2019occupation, de contr\u00f4le ouvrier et de production collective d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es par les travailleurs en Am\u00e9rique latine face aux fermetures d\u2019usines, au ch\u00f4mage et \u00e0 l\u2019appauvrissement provoqu\u00e9s par les politiques n\u00e9olib\u00e9rales<\/strong>. Fond\u00e9 sur les voyages effectu\u00e9s par Ye\u011fin avec Dilek \u00c7olak, sur des observations de terrain et sur des entretiens directs avec des travailleurs, le livre rel\u00e8ve davantage d\u2019un <strong>livre-film et d\u2019un r\u00e9cit de terrain<\/strong> que d\u2019une \u00e9tude acad\u00e9mique conventionnelle. Dans l\u2019introduction, le point commun de ces exp\u00e9riences est explicitement d\u00e9fini comme le \u00ab contr\u00f4le ouvrier \u00bb ; le r\u00e9cit prend pour point de d\u00e9part les travailleurs qui, face \u00e0 la fermeture ou \u00e0 la faillite de leur entreprise, refusent d\u2019abandonner les usines, les occupent, prot\u00e8gent les machines et relancent collectivement la production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019une des caract\u00e9ristiques importantes du livre est qu\u2019il <strong>ne ram\u00e8ne pas les exp\u00e9riences d\u2019occupation dans les diff\u00e9rents pays \u00e0 un mod\u00e8le unique<\/strong>, mais compare au contraire leurs diff\u00e9rentes orientations politiques et organisationnelles. Les principales sections du livre abordent le Br\u00e9sil \u00e0 travers \u00ab usine occup\u00e9e\u2013nationalisation \u00bb, l\u2019Uruguay \u00e0 travers \u00ab usine occup\u00e9e\u2013syndicat \u00bb, l\u2019Argentine \u00e0 travers \u00ab usine occup\u00e9e\u2013autogestion \u00bb et Mosconi \u00e0 travers \u00ab piqueteros\u2013d\u00e9mocratie directe \u00bb. <em>Patronsuzlar<\/em> met ainsi en regard diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 la question de savoir comment les travailleurs peuvent poursuivre la production lorsque le patron se retire ou abandonne l\u2019entreprise : la revendication d\u2019\u00e9tatisation\/nationalisation, l\u2019organisation syndicale, la transformation en coop\u00e9rative et l\u2019autogestion, ou encore la d\u00e9mocratie directe et l\u2019action directe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans le r\u00e9cit de Ye\u011fin, le contr\u00f4le ouvrier appara\u00eet non seulement comme un changement de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 ou de gestion, mais aussi comme <strong>une r\u00e9organisation des relations quotidiennes de travail<\/strong>. Les entretiens d\u00e9crivent en d\u00e9tail des pratiques telles que le r\u00f4le des assembl\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9rales dans les processus de d\u00e9cision, les comit\u00e9s d\u2019usine et les coordinateurs, la communication transparente des informations financi\u00e8res aux travailleurs ainsi que l\u2019organisation collective de la production et des responsabilit\u00e9s. La disparition du patron et de la direction traditionnelle exige \u00e9galement que soient prises en charge collectivement des t\u00e2ches auparavant assum\u00e9es par la direction, depuis l\u2019approvisionnement en mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res et la r\u00e9solution des probl\u00e8mes d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 et de financement jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la couverture sociale des travailleurs et \u00e0 la r\u00e9organisation de la production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le livre rend \u00e9galement compte <strong>des limites de ces exp\u00e9riences et des d\u00e9bats qui les traversent<\/strong>. Certains travailleurs au Br\u00e9sil soutiennent que la transformation en coop\u00e9rative peut affaiblir les droits des travailleurs et, sous la pression du march\u00e9 capitaliste, les transformer en leurs propres patrons ; ils mettent ainsi en avant la revendication de nationalisation. En Argentine, en revanche, la culture des assembl\u00e9es, la transformation en coop\u00e9rative et l\u2019autogestion occupent une place plus importante, avec un accent particulier sur les processus autonomes de prise de d\u00e9cision et sur la capacit\u00e9 des usines occup\u00e9es \u00e0 g\u00e9n\u00e9rer une lutte sociale plus large. Le livre aborde \u00e9galement des probl\u00e8mes tels que le manque de capital et de cr\u00e9dit, les pressions du march\u00e9, l\u2019affaiblissement des liens avec d\u2019autres mouvements sociaux et l\u2019\u00e9rosion de la solidarit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De ce point de vue, <em>Patronsuzlar<\/em> constitue <strong>une importante source en langue turque qui pr\u00e9sente le contr\u00f4le ouvrier et l\u2019autogestion non comme des id\u00e9aux abstraits, mais \u00e0 travers des luttes concr\u00e8tes, des formes d\u2019organisation et des probl\u00e8mes quotidiens de gestion<\/strong>. La valeur du livre r\u00e9side non seulement dans les t\u00e9moignages de premi\u00e8re main qu\u2019il offre sur les usines occup\u00e9es en Am\u00e9rique latine, mais aussi dans sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 rendre visibles, dans une perspective comparative, les diff\u00e9rentes voies de la nationalisation, de l\u2019organisation syndicale, de la transformation en coop\u00e9rative, de l\u2019autogestion et de la d\u00e9mocratie directe. L\u2019ouvrage constitue ainsi une ressource importante pour r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 la fois \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont une production \u00ab sans patrons \u00bb devient possible et aux choix politiques, aux contraintes \u00e9conomiques et aux probl\u00e8mes d\u2019organisation collective auxquels ces exp\u00e9riences sont confront\u00e9es.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Metin Ye\u011fin, Patronsuzlar, Istanbul : Versus Kitap, 2006, 220 p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[196],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ressources"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1592"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1593,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1592\/revisions\/1593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1592"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1592"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1592"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}