{"id":1506,"date":"2026-09-08T20:31:03","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T20:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1506"},"modified":"2026-09-08T20:33:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T20:33:02","slug":"kitap-que-son-las-empresas-recuperadas-autogestion-de-la-clase-trabajadora-andres-ruggeri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1506","title":{"rendered":"Kitap: \u00bfQu\u00e9 son las empresas recuperadas? Autogesti\u00f3n de la clase trabajadora \u2013 Andr\u00e9s Ruggeri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Andr\u00e9s Ruggeri, <em>\u00bfQu\u00e9 son las empresas recuperadas? Autogesti\u00f3n de la clase trabajadora<\/em>, Buenos Aires: Ediciones Continente, 2014, 128 s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Andr\u00e9s Ruggeri&#8217;nin <em>\u00bfQu\u00e9 son las empresas recuperadas? Autogesti\u00f3n de la clase trabajadora<\/em> (\u0130\u015f\u00e7iler Taraf\u0131ndan Geri Kazan\u0131lan \u0130\u015fletmeler Nedir? \u0130\u015f\u00e7i S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zy\u00f6netimi) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131, Arjantin&#8217;de \u00f6zellikle 2001 kriziyle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck kazanan <strong>i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan geri kazan\u0131lan i\u015fletmeleri (Empresas Recuperadas por sus Trabajadores \u2013 ERT)<\/strong> tarihsel geli\u015fimleri, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imleri ve i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netiminin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar \u00fczerinden ele al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ruggeri&#8217;ye g\u00f6re ERT&#8217;ler yaln\u0131zca 2001 krizinin ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131na ait ge\u00e7ici bir olgu de\u011fildir. \u0130\u015fletmelerin i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 krizden \u00f6nce ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, 2001 sonras\u0131nda ise devam ederek kal\u0131c\u0131 bir harekete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kitab\u0131n yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Arjantin&#8217;de 300&#8217;\u00fcn \u00fczerinde ERT bulunmakta ve bu i\u015fletmeler binlerce i\u015f\u00e7iyi kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kitab\u0131n temel katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri, <strong>geri kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015fletmeyi belirli bir hukuki veya m\u00fclkiyet bi\u00e7imi olarak de\u011fil, bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> \u00d6nceden kapitalist bi\u00e7imde y\u00f6netilen bir i\u015fletmenin kapanmas\u0131, bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya terk edilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u015flerini korumak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eder, i\u015fletmeyi geri kazan\u0131r ve \u00fcretimi kolektif y\u00f6netim alt\u0131nda yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131rlar. Bu nedenle ERT ile kooperatif ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir. ERT&#8217;lerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifi bi\u00e7imini alsa da onlar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcnle\u015ftiren hukuki bi\u00e7imleri de\u011fil, <strong>kapitalist bir i\u015fletmenin i\u015f\u00e7i m\u00fccadelesi sonucunda kolektif i\u015f\u00e7i y\u00f6netimine ge\u00e7irilmesi s\u00fcrecidir.<\/strong> Benzer bi\u00e7imde, i\u015fletmenin hukuki m\u00fclkiyeti ile i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fcretim \u00fczerindeki fiil\u00ee denetimi her zaman \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ruggeri, ERT&#8217;lerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Arjantin&#8217;deki <strong>neoliberal yeniden yap\u0131lanma, sanayisizle\u015fme, kitlesel i\u015fsizlik ve i\u015fletmelerin sahipleri taraf\u0131ndan sistematik bi\u00e7imde bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 (<em>vaciamiento<\/em>)<\/strong> ba\u011flam\u0131na yerle\u015ftirir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler \u00e7o\u011fu durumda fabrikalar\u0131 ba\u015ftan antikapitalist bir proje veya \u00f6zy\u00f6netim modeli kurmak amac\u0131yla ele ge\u00e7irmezler. \u0130lk ama\u00e7 \u00e7ok daha somuttur: <strong>i\u015flerini kaybetmemek.<\/strong> \u00d6zy\u00f6netim, bu savunmac\u0131 m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6\u011frendikleri bir prati\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak i\u015fletmenin geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin sonu de\u011fildir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler \u00e7o\u011fu kez sermayesi t\u00fckenmi\u015f, makineleri eskimi\u015f, bor\u00e7lu ve piyasa ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f i\u015fletmeleri devral\u0131rlar. Hukuki m\u00fclkiyetin belirsizli\u011fi, kredi ve i\u015fletme sermayesine eri\u015fim, teknoloji, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik ve piyasa ili\u015fkileri \u00f6zy\u00f6netimin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki ba\u015fl\u0131ca sorunlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece kitab\u0131n temel sorular\u0131ndan biri belirginle\u015fir: <strong>Kapitalist piyasa i\u00e7inde i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netimi hangi ko\u015fullarda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ruggeri bu nedenle geri kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015fletmeleri ne kapitalizmin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f kusursuz \u201c\u00f6zy\u00f6netim adalar\u0131\u201d olarak romantikle\u015ftirir ne de s\u0131radan kooperatiflere indirger. Kitap; kooperatif\u00e7ilik ve dayan\u0131\u015fma ekonomisinden i\u015f\u00e7i hareketine, i\u015fgal ve direni\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden m\u00fclkiyet ve sermaye sorunlar\u0131na, piyasa ve \u201c\u00f6z-s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan i\u015fyeri demokrasisi, teknoloji ve devletle ili\u015fkilere kadar ERT deneyiminin farkl\u0131 boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r. ERT&#8217;ler b\u00f6ylece <strong>i\u015f, m\u00fclkiyet, \u00fcretim ve y\u00f6netim ili\u015fkilerinin i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan yeniden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in somut bir deneyim alan\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kitab\u0131n maddi \u00fcretimi de konusuyla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir. \u0130\u00e7 bask\u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netimindeki <strong>Chilavert Artes Gr\u00e1ficas<\/strong>&#8216;ta yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; kapak bask\u0131s\u0131, dizgi ve ciltleme a\u015famalar\u0131nda da farkl\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i kooperatifleri ve geri kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015fletmeler yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netimini inceleyen kitap, ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6zy\u00f6netimi alt\u0131ndaki i\u015fletmelerden olu\u015fan bir \u00fcretim a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong>d\u00fcr. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Andr\u00e9s Ruggeri, \u00bfQu\u00e9 son las empresas recuperadas? Autogesti\u00f3n de la clase trabajadora, Buenos Aires: Ediciones Continente, 2014, 128 s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kaynaklar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1506","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1506"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1506\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1509,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1506\/revisions\/1509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1506"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}