{"id":1211,"date":"2026-04-23T15:29:01","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T15:29:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1211"},"modified":"2026-04-23T17:41:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T17:41:24","slug":"cooperatives-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/?p=1211&lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"Coop\u00e9ratives"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>D\u00e9finition<\/strong><br>Les coop\u00e9ratives sont des formes d\u2019entreprise et d\u2019organisation cr\u00e9\u00e9es par des individus qui s\u2019associent volontairement afin de satisfaire leurs besoins \u00e9conomiques, sociaux et culturels communs, et qui sont g\u00e9r\u00e9es d\u00e9mocratiquement et d\u00e9tenues par leurs membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Champ<\/strong><br>Les coop\u00e9ratives peuvent op\u00e9rer dans diff\u00e9rents domaines tels que la production, la consommation, le cr\u00e9dit, le logement, l\u2019agriculture et les services. Ces structures sont des formes d\u2019organisation collective fond\u00e9es sur le principe \u00ab une personne, une voix \u00bb, dans lesquelles les membres sont \u00e0 la fois usagers et d\u00e9cideurs. Les coop\u00e9ratives offrent une structure dans laquelle la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et la gestion sont partag\u00e9es entre les membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Distinction<\/strong><br>Les coop\u00e9ratives se distinguent des entreprises capitalistes et d\u2019autres formes d\u2019organisation sur les points suivants :<br>La propri\u00e9t\u00e9 appartient aux membres et non aux investisseurs.<br>Les processus de prise de d\u00e9cision reposent sur des principes d\u00e9mocratiques.<br>Elles visent \u00e0 satisfaire les besoins des membres plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 maximiser le profit.<br>Cependant, contrairement au contr\u00f4le ouvrier et \u00e0 l\u2019autogestion, les coop\u00e9ratives n\u2019impliquent pas toujours que les moyens de production soient enti\u00e8rement d\u00e9tenus par les travailleurs ; des diff\u00e9rences importantes peuvent exister entre les diff\u00e9rents types de coop\u00e9ratives \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Exemple historique<br><\/strong>Le mouvement coop\u00e9ratif a pris une forme institutionnelle au XIXe si\u00e8cle, notamment avec les Pionniers de Rochdale en Angleterre. Cette exp\u00e9rience a jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le d\u00e9terminant dans la formation des principes fondamentaux du coop\u00e9rativisme moderne. Au cours du XXe si\u00e8cle, diff\u00e9rents mod\u00e8les coop\u00e9ratifs se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s en Europe, en Am\u00e9rique latine et dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions ; aujourd\u2019hui, les coop\u00e9ratives occupent une place importante tant dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie sociale que dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie solidaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c9valuation<\/strong><br>Les coop\u00e9ratives peuvent \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme des formes alternatives de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et d\u2019organisation au sein des relations de production capitalistes. Elles pr\u00e9sentent un potentiel important en termes de gouvernance d\u00e9mocratique, de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 collective et de solidarit\u00e9. Toutefois, les conditions du march\u00e9, les pressions concurrentielles et les contraintes de financement figurent parmi les principaux facteurs qui limitent leur fonctionnement et leur durabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Formes d\u2019organisation fond\u00e9es sur la gestion d\u00e9mocratique et la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 collective, cr\u00e9\u00e9es pour r\u00e9pondre aux besoins communs de leurs membres.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1241,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[188,194],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie-solidaire","category-notions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1211"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1212,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1211\/revisions\/1212"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iscidenetimi.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}